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          • A Business Biography
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          • The Lengthening Shadow
        • Young, Owen D. >
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      • 1890: U.S. Census
      • 1920: Dayton Scales
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    • Thomas J. Watson Sr. >
      • Articles by Watson >
        • On World Peace
        • On the Cost of War
        • On Public Education
        • On Thomas Jefferson
        • On Thoughtful Mistakes
        • On Stakeholder Relations
      • Articles about Watson >
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        • Employees are Valued
        • Democracy's Man o' War
        • Human Relations in 1956
        • A CEO Who Earned His Pay
        • The Lengthening Shadow
      • Slice of Life Stories >
        • Dali, Salvador
        • Drucker, Peter F. >
          • Authority and Power
          • Short-Term Thinking
          • A Corporate Culture
          • Raising Business Issues
          • Focus on Principles
          • Character and Manners
          • Knowledge Workers
          • Recognizing Ability
          • Individual Respect
          • Employee Paternalism
        • Eastman, George
        • Penney, J. C. (James Cash) >
          • Watson Homestead
          • Golden Rule Businesses
        • Fighting Discrimination
      • Pre-World War II >
        • A Lost Dream of Peace
        • USO Camp Show Founder
      • World War II Effort >
        • Selling War Bonds
        • Production Awards
        • Controlling Profits
        • Machine Records Units
        • Wartime Contributions
        • Widows & Orphans Fund
        • Declaring Human Rights
        • Supporting Home Morale
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        • War's End & Reconversion
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20th Century Human Relations

IBM's Twentieth Century Corporate Practices

Published August 11, 2021
A color slide representing IBM's 20th Century Human Relations in the areas of a Corporate Constitution, IBM Wild Ducks, Respect, Service, Excellence and IBM Anniversaries, the Computing Dictionary and UK Dictionary.
 IBM's Twentieth Century Corporate Practices
 The Golden Rule Guided the 20th Century IBM in its Employee Relationships
"​The first responsibility of business is to its customers, and it has learned through long experience that it pays to observe the Golden Rule in that relationship. This is true also of its relations with its stockholders, the community in which it exists, and to its workmen."
​Walter F. Titus, Vice President of IBM, Kiwanis Club, 1938
Some of the greatest industrialists of the early twentieth century espoused the same philosophy using simple concepts as touchstones for their businesses. IBM and Tom Watson Sr. did not stand alone in this respect. ​George F. Johnson espoused a Square Deal; James Cash Penney and William H. Nichols conducted business under the guidelines of the Golden Rule; and in his shops, John Patterson hung two-word signs about investing in people: “It Pays.”

​Rockefeller Jr. wrote that “This standing aloof one from the other must end. … [A personal  relationship] is the recognition of the brotherhood of man, of the principle of trying to put yourself in the other man’s place, of endeavoring to see things from his point of view."

"Walking in the shoes of your employees" or the Golden Rule was the fundamental foundation for all of IBM's early 20th Century practices highlighted here. Some negative human relations practices expose that IBM"s twenty-first leadership has lost their way.

Have they been seeking a "Crown of Gold, instead of Laurel?"
 A History of Anniversaries, Benefits, Creativity and, of course, Wild Ducks
IBM Anniversaries
​IBM celebrated its centennial in 2011. Almost all IBMers that had been around since 1989 scratched their heads because it had only been twenty-two years since the corporation had celebrated its seventy-fifth anniversary. I mean, we were there . . . and so was Sam.
Image of IBMers welcoming in the
​Many of us dug into our memorabilia to determine if our memories had failed us, but, alas, our memories were right. IBM had traditionally marked 1914 as the date of its founding—the year Thomas J. Watson Sr. joined the company.

IBM Employee Benefits
The 20th Century IBM was known for providing high pay, great benefits and maintained a tradition of full employment that meant the executive team was dedicated to retraining, relocating and readjusting as needed to keep people on the job. The 21st Century team hasn't been so "on the ball" it seems.
Picture of employees standing around looking at benefits: vacations, stock plans, retirement and disability.
Here are a list of firsts: both up and down.

IBM Employee Creativity
​​These pages reflect an individuality of thought that used to be representative of the IBM brand—THINK. Rarely did these "works of creativity" have the blessing of the IBM Corporation, but they were the products of great genius meant to bring a laugh.
Picture of father and son singing with the tagline:
IBMers have always prided themselves on their independence of thought and action, and sense of humor.

IBM's Wild Ducks ... Geese
Watson Sr. was probably the epitome of a "The Wild Duck." Fired from "The Cash" in 1913, he had to find a new job. He turned down many opportunities with several corporations and finally decided on C-T-R Company because it gave him the opportunity to run a business in his unique way. Maybe, he is one of the first stories of a successful Wild Duck.
Picture of
As he turned forty, Tom Watson Sr. flew over a corporation composed of three dissimilar companies full of tame geese and called them to fly. And fly they did to become "The IBM."


Return to the "Twentieth Century IBM" Home Page
© 2022 Peter E. Greulich. All Rights Reserved
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          • Edison: My Friend
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        • Penney, James C. >
          • Fifty Years With the Golden Rule
        • Procter, William C.
        • Rockefeller Sr., John D.
        • Rosenwald, Julius
        • Sloan Jr., Alfred P.
        • Swope, Gerard >
          • Swope of G.E.
          • The Swope Plan
          • Selected Addresses
        • Verity, George M. >
          • True Steel
          • Character & Success
        • Wanamaker, John >
          • A Business Biography
          • Retail Firsts
        • Watson Jr., Thomas J. >
          • A Business and Its Beliefs
          • Management Briefings
          • Father, Son & Company
        • Watson Sr., Thomas J. >
          • Human Relations
          • Men-Minutes-Money
          • The Lengthening Shadow
        • Young, Owen D. >
          • Selected Addresses
          • New Industrial Leader
      • Capitalists >
        • Baruch, Bernard M. >
          • My Own Story
          • The Public Years >
            • A Review
            • Second Thoughts
        • Schiff, Jacob H.
      • Journalists >
        • Baker, Ray Stannard >
          • Autobiography
          • The Color Line
          • Woodrow Wilson
        • Crowther, Samuel >
          • Articles >
            • Bantam Ball Bearing
          • Biographies
          • Industrialist Anthology
        • Gunther, John >
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        • Steffens, Lincoln
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          • 101 Unusual Experiences
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          • The Companion Series
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        • Lincoln, Abraham
        • Mesta, Perle
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        • Wilson, Woodrow >
          • The New Freedom
          • The Ordeal of Woodrow Wilson
          • Life and Letters >
            • Volume IV: President
            • Volume V: Neutrality
            • Volume VI: Facing War
          • Woodrow Wilson's Last Words
      • Educators >
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      • Centralization >
        • A Lost Federation
        • The Need to Decentralize
      • Divestitures >
        • Kyndryl Analysis
        • Kyndryl Top Questions
        • Martin Schroeter
      • Employees >
        • Resource Actions
        • Age Discrimination >
          • Cutting Old Heads
        • Employee Engagement
        • Aren't Buying Into IBM
        • Massive Work Slowdown
        • Failure of Work at Home
      • Financial Engineering >
        • Workforce Rebalancing
        • Aggressive Bookkeeping
      • Shareholders >
        • Share Buybacks
        • Shareholder Risk
        • Employee Engagement
        • Warren Buffett's Mistake
        • Do Share Buybacks Work?
    • CEO Performance >
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        • Overall Performance >
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        • First Year Performance >
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          • Revenue & Profit Growth
          • Revenue & Profit Productivity
          • IBM Market Value
          • Shareholder Returns & Risk
          • Share Buybacks
        • The First 100 Days
      • Ginni Rometty Overview >
        • Shareholder Value
        • Shareholder Risk
        • Share Buybacks
        • Dividend Strategy
        • Acquisition Strategy
        • Revenue & Profit Productivity
        • Revenue & Profit Growth
        • Revenue & Profit
  • 20th Century IBM
    • Corporate Performance >
      • IBM's Greatest CEO >
        • Shareholder Returns
        • Revenue Growth
        • Revenue Per Employee
        • Profit Growth
        • Profit Per Employee
        • Market Value
        • Goodwill
        • Economic Contractions
        • Economic Expansions
        • Stock Market Headwinds
        • CEO Historic Footnotes >
          • IBM's Founding Team
          • Financial Engineering
          • The Greatest Gamble
    • Corporate Practices >
      • IBM Anniversaries
      • IBM Benefits
      • IBM Creativity >
        • IBM Cartoons
        • IBM Song Books
        • IBM UK Dictionary
        • IBM Computing Dictionary
      • IBM Wild Ducks >
        • The Wild Goose
        • Royal Dissenters
        • Corporate Constitution
        • Respect for the Individual
        • Service to the Customer
        • Pursuit of Excellence
    • Corporate Products >
      • 1890: U.S. Census
      • 1920: Dayton Scales
      • 1940: The Electromatic
    • Thomas J. Watson Sr. >
      • Articles by Watson >
        • On World Peace
        • On the Cost of War
        • On Public Education
        • On Thomas Jefferson
        • On Thoughtful Mistakes
        • On Stakeholder Relations
      • Articles about Watson >
        • The $1,000-A-Day Chief Executive Officer
        • Employees are Valued
        • Democracy's Man o' War
        • Human Relations in 1956
        • A CEO Who Earned His Pay
        • The Lengthening Shadow
      • Slice of Life Stories >
        • Dali, Salvador
        • Drucker, Peter F. >
          • Authority and Power
          • Short-Term Thinking
          • A Corporate Culture
          • Raising Business Issues
          • Focus on Principles
          • Character and Manners
          • Knowledge Workers
          • Recognizing Ability
          • Individual Respect
          • Employee Paternalism
        • Eastman, George
        • Penney, J. C. (James Cash) >
          • Watson Homestead
          • Golden Rule Businesses
        • Fighting Discrimination
      • Pre-World War II >
        • A Lost Dream of Peace
        • USO Camp Show Founder
      • World War II Effort >
        • Selling War Bonds
        • Production Awards
        • Controlling Profits
        • Machine Records Units
        • Wartime Contributions
        • Widows & Orphans Fund
        • Declaring Human Rights
        • Supporting Home Morale
        • Employee Military Service
        • War's End & Reconversion
      • Post-World War II >
        • Endicott Memorial
        • Poughkeepsie Memorial
        • Rehiring WWII Veterans
      • A Pajama Party
      • A 1943 Tax Problem
      • The Story of "THINK"
      • A Gift of Retirement
      • Learning from Crises
      • IBM Employee Housing >
        • Construction Timeline
      • Two Journalists "THINK"
      • A Buddy Davis Interview
      • Quotes of Watson
      • Quotes about Watson
      • Women in the Workplace
      • A Successful Rebranding
      • Tom Watson's Wild Ducks
  • Articles
    • Corporate Articles >
      • High-Performance Corporations
      • The Art of the Restart
      • Crises, Recoveries & Lessons Learned
      • Strategy Should Create Human Relationships
      • A Time-Tested Corporate Constitution
      • IBM, JC Penney and The Golden Rule
      • How IBM Created its 20th Century Brand
      • The Greatest Business Risk of the 20th Century
      • How to Grow a Business
      • The Importance of Sales Productivity
      • How Much Is a Great CEO Worth
      • Let Your Guard Down
    • Business Articles >
      • Business Witticism
      • The Golden Rule in Business
      • Who and What Built Early American Capitalism
      • Capitalism Needs Industrialist Minded CEOs
      • Producing Corporate True Steel
      • CEO Perspectives >
        • Rules of Success
        • Top Employee Qualities
        • Industrialist vs. Capitalist
      • An Open Letter to the World's CEOs
      • Henry Ford Takes Control
      • The Razor Blade Business Model
      • Two Successful 20th Century Businesswomen
      • Sears: A Dead Franchise Walking
      • A LinkedIn Incognito Mode
      • Value a College Education
    • Political Articles >
      • Political Witticisms
      • Memorial Day
      • Pursuing The "American Way"
      • America: Home of the Brave
      • Securing the Borders of the Americas
      • General Grant's Stand for Justice
      • America's Heartland Stands Strong
      • The New Freedom
      • Teddy Roosevelt on Socialism
    • Spiritual Articles >
      • Inauguration Day Prayer
      • Wilson's Last Words
      • Spiritual Songs
    • Fiction Articles >
      • A Father's Love
      • Introducing a Friend to God
      • Hyphenated Relationships
  • Contact
  • Blog